#A4# #DNS# #root-servers# #www.example.com (QNAME)# #DNS# #Resolver# #(Cache)# #DNS# #.com TLD# #example.com# #DNS# #Recursive and Iterative Queries# #Stub Resolver# #(cache)# #Browser# #(cache)# #PC# #Area Resolver (ISP, SP, or Private Network)# #Referral# #Referral# #Answer# #1# #2# #2# #3# #4# #5# #Each numbered line represents a query/answer pair# #Note:# #Item (2) is a Recursive query; one question gives one complete answer Items (3), (4), and (5) are Iterative queries which may return either a referral, an answer, or an error# ##